Device for treating artesian wells.



R. CONRADER.

DEVICE FOR TREATING ARTESIAN WELLS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB4 27, 1912.

LmQm Patented Jan.5,19f15.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WVM/wow@ R. CONRADBR.

DEVICE FOR TREATLNG ARTESIAN WELLS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.27,1912.

Patented J an. 5, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 24 muy RUDOLPH CONRADER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

DEVICE FOR TREATING- ARTESIAN WELLS.

Lisanne.

Application led February 27, 1912.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, RUDOLPH CONRADER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county ofErie and State of Fennsylvania,'have invented new and useful Improvements in Devices for Treating Artesian llVells, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates to devices `for treating Artesian wells and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fully described vand pointed out in the claims.

The invention is particularly adapted for treating oil wells. The oil sand in different territories varies greatly, but usually there is formed in the oil bearing sand an enlarged pocket from which the oil is pumped. This pocket is formed in various ways. Where the sand is very loose it may be formed by the mere operation of pumping. Where it is more dense, it is formed by shooting the well. 1n the after operation of the well, the walls of this pocket becomeincrusted or coated with paraffin, or other material forming the base of the oil and if permitted to accumulate seriously interferes with the production of the well.

This invention has two leading objects, one, to measure this pocket so that its dimensions may be known and fromthe information thus gained the well may be given intelligent treatment.

lThe second leading object is to remove the coating or incrustations on the walls of the pocket so as to increase the production' from the well.

Other objects especially those relating toV the details of construction will appear from the specification and claims.

The invention isillustrated inthe accompanying drawings as follows z- Figure 1 shows a well and pumping apparatus, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the casing head. Fig. 3 a section on the lines 3-3 in Fig. 4. Fig. a section on the line 4 4 in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 a sect-ion on the line 5-5 in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a section of a well with pumpingapparatus shown therein, said apparatus being partly in section, the point of view being from the right of Fig. l. Fig. 7 a section on the line 7-7 in Figs. 6 and 9. Fig. 8 a section on the line`8-8 in Figs. 6 and 9'. Fig V9 a section Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

Serial No. 630,334.

on the line 9 9 in Fig. 7. Fig. 10 a side elevation of the nozzle joint, partly in section on the line 10--10 in Figs. 7 and 8. Fig. 11 a section ,showing the yielding catch for the nozzle, the section being on the line 11--11 in Fig. 12. Fig. 12 a plan view of the same parts, partly in. section on the line 12-12 in Fig. 11. Fig. 13 a. section on the line lil-13 in Fig. l.

1 marks the well pocket, 2 the walls of the pocket, 3 the bore leading to the surface, 4 the casing in the bore, 5 the casing head and 6 the tubing. These are lordinarily found in oil wells.

The working barrel 7 is secured to the tubing. llt is provided with the standing valve fitting 8 in which an ordinary standing valve (not shown) is placed for the pumping action. Below the standing valve. fitting, the bypass check fitting 9 is secured to the standing valve fitting S. The check 10 is arranged in this fitting, the check being arranged in the cage 11. Cross passages 12 lead from without the fitting to the passage 13 leading to the check 10. A bypass 14- is formed in the angles formed by the passages 12 sothat liquid may pass down around the check valve but at the same time. liquid may be pumped in through the check valve.

A nipple 15 is screwed into the lower ond of the fitting 9, and the nozzle valve fitting 16 is screwed on to the lower end of the nipple 15. The nozzle valve is shown in detail in the enlarged section in Figs. 3, 4i' and 5. 1t has a chamber 17 in the upper end and a concentric cylinder 1S supported about midway in the fitting and a bypass 19 around the cylinder 18, the bypass connecting the chamber' 17 at the upper end with a chamber 20 at the lower end of the fittingA A passage 21 leads from the bottom of the chamber 20 and a valve seat 22 is arranged in this opening. The valve 23 gperates on the seat 22 to control the opening 21; The valve-23 is carried by a piston 23a. The piston operates in the cylinder 1S.V A cap or plug 24A is arranged in the upper end of the cylinder 18 and a spring 25 is arranged between the piston and. the plug 24, the spring extending into a socket 2G in the piston, the'socket being provided to give a greater length of spring. A chamber 27 isv formed between the plug 21'and piston 23,

a lplug 30.

A passage 29 leads from the chamber r27, the outer end of the passage being` closed by A vertical passage 31 extends upwardly `from the passage 29, and this passage is -controlled by a valve 32. An opening 33 is arranged above the valve 32 and the stem 34 of the valve extends from this chamber. The stem has a shoulder 35 and the spring 36 is arranged around the stem 34 and operates against the shoulder 35, the upper end of the spring having a base on the plug 37 in the upper end of the chamber 33. The plug has the perforations 38 so as to avoid trapping liquid in the chamber 33. An eye 39 is arranged in the upper end of the stem 34 and a cable 40` is secured to this eye and extends upwardly through the casing tothe top of the well. By means lof this cable, the valve 32 may be opened. A passage 41 extends laterally from the valve 32 to the outside `of the titting 16. L

'lhe operation of this nozzle valve is as followsz'With the parts asshown in Fig. 4, liquid from the tubing will be subjected to tubing pressure both in the chamber 20 and the chamber. 27, the liquid having entered through the chamber 27 throughl the opening 28 and being trapped there by' the closed valve 32. lfVith the liquid under pressure in the chamber 27, the valve 23 is maintained in a closed position by the action of this liquid on the piston together with 'the force of the spring 25. lVhen, however, the valve is opened, the liquid in the lchamber 27 1s discharged and the passage leading to thel valve 32 being much larger than the opening 2,8, the incoming liquid does not affect the pressure materially. Under these conditions, the, pressure of the l1qu1d on those parts of the piston and valve, outside of the valve seatI 22 is suliicient to overcome the springu25 and thus the valvev 23 is opened. Immediately it is opened, the full' bottom surface of the piston is subjected -to the pressure of liquid below it, thus maintainingit in an open position until the valve 32 is closed. It will be understood that the pressure ofthe liquidwith the height of several thousand feet at this point is something tremendous and that, therefore, a fluid actuated valve such as here shown, can be readily controlled andy operated with the auxiliary valve without subjecting the connecting parts tothe pressure or strain necessary to operate the main valve directly.

`A pulley carrier 42 is arranged in the casing head'5 and secured therein by the usual screws 43. This pulley carrier issplit as 4indicated in the section in Figi so that it may be removed without removing the cable supported. Ears 44 extend upwardly from -the carrier andthe pulley 45 is journaled between these ears on the bolt 46. The

cable 40 extends over the pulley 45 and on ing' the to a drum 47. This drum is fixed on a shaft 48. The shaft is journaled in the bearing post 49. A crank 50 is provided for operating the drum 47. The drum has a series of perforations 52 in its end and the pin 51 is provided which extends through a perforation 5la in the post 49. By means of the pin 5l extending through the post into the perforation 52, the drum may be locked and in this way the valve 32 locked in au open position if desired. A nipple 53 is screwed into the bottom of the nozzle valve iitting 16 and the nozzle 54 is connected with the nipple 53 by means of the nozzle joint litting 55. A perforated ear 56 is fixed on the i nozzle 54 and the cable 57 extends from this ear through the casing to the top of thel well.) The cable 57 extends through the guide passage 58, the bottom of the guide passage being rounded at 59 to prevent cutting or abrasion of the cable. The cable passes over the pulley 60, the pulley being journaled on a bolt 61, and the bolt being carried by the ears 62 on the carrier 42. The pulley 60 is provided with the graduations 63 so spacedas to indicate with relation to an index linger 63n the outward movement of the nozzle.

In the drawings we have sh'o wn the nozzle thrown out in dash lines and have yindicated spaces 3, 6 and 9 as indicative of that number of feet from the axis of the well. The graduations on the pulley 60 are also marked so as to indicate the number o1 feet that the nozzle has been deflected. yBy placpulley with relation to the starting point, the outward swing on the nozzle to the point that it engages the wall of the pocket may be read from the graduations ou the pulley and thus the distance or' the wall of the pocket from the axis determined. By rotating and elevating the tubing 'the pocket may be accurately plotted both for each horizontal section and the vertical section. The cable 57 extends from the pulley 60 onto the drum 64. This drum is fixed on the shaft 65, and the shaft is carried by the `post 66. A crank 68 is provided by means of which the drum may be manipulated. A swivel plug 69 is top of the tubing and this is provided with an eye 70. A hook .71 engages the eye 70 and the hook is'carried .by a swivel 72. Any hoisting apparatus (not shown) may be used in connection with the hooh to elevate the tubing so as to carry the nozzle to different parts of the pocket as desired.

After the pocket has been plotted, the walls of the pocket may be thoroughly cleaned by throwing the nozzle out to the right position to be in proper relation t the well to properly'deliver its jet and by the previous plotting of the pocket, the proper positioning of the nozzle may be nicely controlled, the tubing being rotated arranged inl the 1 1:

shown in lfigs. 7, 8, 9 and 10.

nieaeeo to get to all parts of the circumference and elevated to reach the different levels of the pocket. A handle 73 is fixed on the upper end of the tubing by means of which the tubing may be turned for this purpose.

ln orderto maintain a connection between the tubing and the source of supply of oil for the jet as the tubing is turned and lowered or elevated, I have provided the tollowing mechanism: An opening 711 extends tln-ough the swivel plug 69 and formscoinmunication with the annular pocket 75 in the tting 76. A nut 77 is provided for tightening the joint between the plug and the fitting. A tubular swivel joint- 78 is cl nnected withthe fitting 76 and the nipple (9 connects the swivel joint 78 'with the inner member 80 of a telescopic connection, the outer member 82 of thisl connection having a slip joint 81 formed upon it through which the member 80 slides., This telescopic connection is of sul'licient size to permit of the lifting of the tubing to the height desired. The lower' end ot' the member 82 is connected to a tubular swivel jointj83 and this swivel joint is connected to a pipe 84 leading to a source ot' supply, ordinarily a tank (not shown).

The details of the nozzle joint are The nipple 53 enters the itting 85., r1`his litting has the reduced or 'flattened extension 86. A, passage 87 is formed in the outer edges ot this extension'. A A tapered opening extends transversely through it and the tapered hollow plug 89 is arranged in the opening 88. The plug has the openings 90 through it so that there is communication between the passage 87 and the interior of the plug. Plates 91 are arranged on the sides of the extension 86. The)7 have the annular projections 92 which extend yinto the plug 89 and form a close connection between the plates 91 and the plug. lllhe plates have the passages 90 which communicatev with the openings 95 in the annular shoulders 92. The plates are clamped on the plug by means of the bolt 93. Then annular shoulders 97 are arranged on the inside of the lower ends o1 the plates 91 and these extend into the opening 98 in the fitting 99. A bolt 100 extends through the opening 'formed in the annular shoulder 97 and clamps the plates on the itting 99. 1t will be understood that the fitting 99 is rigidly secured to the plates. A joint is formed between the tapered surfaces of the plug 89 and the opening 88. In order that this may be yieldingly held in place, a gasket 9/1 is arranged around the plug 89 on the face of the extension 86 and` the side plate 91 engages this gasket and thus yieldingly communicates pressure through the bolt 93 to the opposite plate which forces the plug 89 into the tapered opening. lin this way a joint capable of sustaining the tremendous pres sure to which this is subjected may be formed.

lt will be understood that this apparatus is lowered into an oil well. of several thousand feet and in order to prevent the accidental outward movement o1 the `nozzle when the vapparatus is raised or lowered, l prefer to provide a yielding stop for holding the nozzle in place. T he nozzle has the end 101 and the opening 102 being dared or belled. A catch 103 (see Figs. 11 and 12) is journaled on the pin 10e, the pin being carried in the posts 111. The catch 103 has a socket 105 arranged in it and the spring 106 extends from the pin 107 in the socket 105 to a pin 108, the pin 108 being arranged on the lever 109. When the nozzle is dropped down to place, it engages the catch 103 from theleft side, as shown in Fig. 11, and forces it toward the right suliiciently to vpermit the nozzle to slip to place when the catch resumes its upright position and thus locks the nozzle against return movement. rllhe rearward movement ot' the catch 103 is limited by the shoulder 11() on thelever 109. The lever 109 is pivoted on lthe pin 101. 1t has the crotched lever as shown in Fig'. 12. 'lhe pin 113 extends across the end of the lever. A spring 114 extends from this pin to a perforated projection 115 on the base This base 116 is fixed in the end of a shield 117, the shield extending over the valve tltting 16. rlhe shield has the opening 118 at one side through which the nozzle may be swung. lllhen the nozzle is pulled outwardly through the action of the cable 57, it swings the lever 109 against the tension of the spring 11st. r1`he spring 111 especially with the leverage as arranged while it yieldingly holds the nozzle isvsuch as. to

` require considerable pressure to disengage 'the nozzle trom the catch.

@n the other hand,'v the spring 106 is only of suliicient strength to return the catch to its position so that the weight oi, the nozzle readily carries it past the catch 103. The downward movement of the lever 109 is limited by the shoulders 112 which engage the posts 111.

ln operation, the sucker rods and standing valve ofthe ordinary well are removed and the plug 69 with the telescopic connection attached. Ordinarily the tirst operation would be to get the plot ot the pocket and this is done as heretofore described by reading the outward movement of the nozzle of the dial on the pulley with the dition ent positions on the nozzle 'both as to eleva tion and circumferential location. litter the plotting is completed,the apparatus is then preferably dropped to the bottom of the pocket and the nozzle swung' out to proper position |to direct the jet against the walls and is swung in and out so as to maintain this proper position as the tubing is rotated and the nozzle is rotated by means of the handle 73.- Alter this level has been cleaned, the apparatus is lifted and this operation is repeated. In this way it the incrustation is quite thick, the dillerent portions can be more readily removed and dropped into the bottom of the well. Not only that but better results may be accomplished by operating above the actual level o1 liquid in the well and in this way this may be accomplished with fewer intervening pumpings. It will be understood that. by detaching the plu gGS), the pumping apparatus may be readily inserted without removing the nozzle or other parts and the well punq'ied out as often as desired. The jet is throvvn on and oil through the action et' the valve i12-3, the valve being fluid actuated and controlled by the auxiliary valve 32, as descril'ied the auxiliary valve being controlled by a cable l0 from the top of the well. This feature; that is, the control of the liquid for the jet so as to turn it oit' and on and utilize it only when the nozzle is properly directed is an important feature ol" the invention. This is particularly true in that in delivering liquid in the tubing some dilliculty will be 1nanitested if it is filled entirely from the tank by reason of the trapped air and gas. Ordinarily, as the sucker rod drawn, the liquid that then iills tht` tubing may be permitted to remain in it so as to avoid this difficulty. It will be noted that the liquid as it is used is continuously supplied by the tank. The liquid is siphoned over the liexible joint it there is not sullicient head by reason of the tank. In any event there is a continuous supply and a continuous control.

It is believed that this apparatus in many sands would be gvery much more ellieient than shooting the well in providing the pocket-in that no part ot' the walls ot' the well are disturbed except. those which are desirable.

By the term nozzle I wish to include any jet opening or vent for the jet in its broadest sense regardless of whether it projects from the tube connection or not.

lVhat I claim as new is z- 1. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination oi" a tube leading to the bottom of the well; means belovv the 'top ot the well controlling the {lc-w ot liquid from the tube; devices operative at the top :of the 'well for controlling said means; a nozzle connected with said tube tor controlling a jet against the side walls of the well; and mechanism 'tor varying the position ot' the nozzle.

l2. In a device for treating Artesian vvells. the combination ol a tube leading to the bottom of the well; means below the toi l of the well controlling the liow ot' liquid froni'the tube; devices operative at the top of the well for controlling said means; a nozzle connected with said tube for con-4 trolling 4a jet against the side walls ol the well; and mechanism for moving the nozzle cireumferentially.

8. In aodevice for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a. tube leading to the bottom of the well; means below the top 0i the wellcontrolling the llow of liquid from thc tube; devices operative at the top of the well for controlling said means; a nozzle connected with said tube for controlling a jet against the side walls et' the well; and mechanism for varying the level of the nozzle.

et. In a device for' treating` Artesian wells, the combination of a tube leading to the bottom of the well; means below the top of the vvell controlling the flow of liquid from the tube; devices operative at the top of the well for controlling said means; a noz` zle connected with said tube for controlling a jet against the side walls of the well; and mechanism for varying the level and moving the nozzle circumferentially.

ln a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tube leading to the bottom of the well; means below the top of the well controlling the flow of liquid from the tube; devices operative at the top of the well -for controlling said means; a nozzle connected with saidA tube for controlling a. jet against the side walls of the well; mechanism for varying the position of the nozzle; and means for varying the direction`^ot said nozzle.

6. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tube leading to the bottom of the well; means below the top of the well controlling the liow of liquid trom the tube; devices operative at the top otl the well for controlling said means; a nozzle connected with said tube for controlling a iet against the side walls of the well; mechanism for varying the position of the. nozzle; and means for Varying the direction and position of said nozzle in the well.

7. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a workin@ barrel on the tubing; a nozzle supported Iielow the working barrel; and means operative troni the top of the well for controlling the movement of the fluid to the nozzle.

S. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a working barrel on thetubing; a nozzle below the working barrel; and means operative from the too of the well for varying the position of the nozzle.

9. yIn a. device .tor treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a working barrel on the tubing; a nozzle below the working barrel; means operative from the top of the well for varying the position of the nozzle; and devices for controlling the llow ofliquid from the tubing to the nozzle.

10. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a working barrel; a bypass check below the working barrel permitting the ilow of liquid from the well to the working barrel and permit-` ting the flow of liquid downwardly past the check; and a nozzle below the check.

11. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a working barrel; a bypass check below the working barrel permitting the flow;v of liquid from the well to the working barrel and permitting the flow of liquid downward past the check; a nozzle below the check; and devices operative from the top of the well for controlling the flow of fluid to the nozzle.

12. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combinationof a tubing; a working barrel; a bypass check below the working barrel; permitting the flow of liquid from the well to the working barrel and permittingthe flow of liquid downwardly past the cheek; a nozzle below the check; and means operative from the top of the well for changing the position of the nozzle.

13. In a device `lor treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing;-a working barrel; a' bypass check below the working barrel permitting the flow of liquid from the well to the working barrel and permitting the flow of liquid downwardly past the check; a nozzle below the check; and means operative from the top ofthe well for controlling the flow of iluid to the nozzle.

14. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a nozzle supported at the lower end of the tubing; a valve controlling the flow of iluid from the tubing to the nozzle; and fluid actuated mechanism for controlling the valve.

15. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a nozzle supported at the lower end of the tubing; a valve controlling the flow of fluid from the tubing to the nozzle; fluid actuated mechanism for controlling the valve; and devices for controlling said mechanism from the top of the well.

16. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a nozzle carried at the lower end of the tubing; ay

valve controlling the ilow of iluid from the tubing to the nozzle; a piston actuating said valve, said piston being normally balanced; and an auxiliary valve for relieving pres sure at one side of the piston when it is de Sired to actuate the valve.

17. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination oli' a tubing; -a nozzle carried at the lower end of the tubing; a valve controlling the flow of fluid from the tubing to the nozzle; a piston actuating said valve, said piston being normally balanced;

'an auxiliary valve for relieving pressure at zle mounted at the lower end of the tubing;

and a yielding lock for holding the nozzle in position.

19. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a nozzle mountedvat the lower end of the tubing;

land ayielding lock for the nozzle arranged to more readily yield with the movement of the nozzle ina resetting .direction than in a disengaging direction.

20. In a device :tor treating Artesian avells, tlie combination of a tubing; a nozzle mounted at the lower end of the tubing;

and a yielding lock -for the nozzle comprising a yielding catch having a limited movement on a .yielding lever whereby the nozzle moves to engaging position by the movement ol' the catch and it is disengaged by the movement of the lever and catch.

21. In a` device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a nozzle movably mounted on the tubing; devices operative from the top of the well foractuating the nozzle; and means for indicating the amount of movement of the nozzle.

In l a device for treating Artesian wells. thecombinatien of a tubing; a nozzle movably mounted on the tubing; devices operative from the top of the well for actuating the nozzle; means for indicating the amount of movement of. the nozzle.; and mechanism` for 'varying the level of the nozzle.

23. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a nozzle movably mounted on the tubing; devices operative from the top of the well for actuating the nozzle; means for indicating the amount of movement olf the nozzle; and mechanism for moving the nozzle circumferentiallyi 24. In a device for treating Artesian wells, the combination of a tubing; a nozzle movably mounted on the tubing; devices operative from the top of the well for actu ating/the nozzle; means for indicating the amount of movement of the nozzle; and mechanism for moving the nozzle vertically and circumferentially.

25. In a device for treating Artesian wells; the combination of a tubing; a nozzle connected with the tubing; a valve controlling the flow of fluid from the tubing to the nozzle; means operative from the top of the well for controlling the valve; devices operative from the top of the Well for actuating the nozzle; and nienns for indicating the movement of the nozzle.

26. ln :i device for treating Artesian welle, the combination of n tubing; n nozzle connected with the tubing; :i valve controlling the How of 'fluid Ytroni the tubing to the nozzle; ineens operative from the top of the Well for controlling the vulve; devices operative from the top of the Well for actuating' the nozzb; means for indicating the lnoveinent of the nozzle; and means for vzugying the position of the nozzle.

. fr. ln i device for treating ifntesian '3 wells; the combination of n, tubing; a nozzle inovably mounted et the lower end of the tubing; :i cable for actuating the nozzle; a casing head; :i split pulley carrier on the casing head; and a pulley in the carrier over which said cable operates.

28.1% a device for treating Artesien wells, the combination of e tubing; :i nozzle und ineens extending through the casing ioi controlling Suid devices.

ln testimony whereof l lieve lngaifeunto eet in v lifnid in the presence oit two subsciilnng Witnesses.

BUD() LPH CON Willi@ P...

liiitnesses CHARLES G. Bnnv'inninn; E. M. iclrixn'iiunn. 

